The answer is: Famine in his home town

Ruth 1:1 - The name "Elimelech" literally means "My God [is] King".

Elimelech's decision to take his family from Bethlehem to Moab during a famine is deeply symbolic and reflects the turmoil of his time. Bethlehem, whose name means "House of Bread," juxtaposes the stark reality of starvation that compelled him to seek sustenance elsewhere. This situational irony underscores a pivotal moment in the biblical narrative.

It's intriguing to note that Bethlehem is famously known as the birthplace of Jesus many generations later. Thus, it stands as a beacon of the promise of nourishment in both physical and spiritual contexts. Elimelech's choice might suggest a temporary yearning for survival, but it also invites contemplation about the balance between faith in God's provisions and practical decision-making in times of crisis.

In addition, the fact that they settled in Moab, a territory often viewed with skepticism by the Israelites due to historical animosity, sets the stage for significant transformations within the story. Moabite culture boasted its own rich traditions; it was from this land that Ruth emerged as a figure of devotion and loyalty. Her covenantal love and resourcefulness paved the way for profound kinship ties that rippled through the lineage of David and echoed into broader narratives of redemption.

The context not only highlights Ruth's lineage but also introduces themes of inclusivity and faithful persistence. While Elimelech sought bread to physically sustain his family, Ruth later embodies the spirit of covenant—bridging cultures and deepening the grooves of God's unfolding plan amidst desperation. Understanding this backdrop reveals the depth of interconnected stories that nourish our spiritual journey.