The answer is: Matthew

Some scholars think it was an unknown author, using the gospel of Mark and other sources as a basis for the gospel of Matthew.

When diving into the Gospel of Matthew, it’s fascinating to consider its rich layers of context and authorship debates. The traditional view attributes this gospel to Matthew, a tax collector, which can be significant. Tax collectors during Jesus' time were often viewed with disdain—they were seen as traitors, working for the occupying Roman authority. Yet, here we have a narrative that springs from a figure associated with both collection and transformation, illustrating a poignant theme of redemption and inclusion.

Scholars stand divided, with some attributing Matthew to an anonymous author rather than the disciple himself. This could suggest, intriguingly, a later effort to connect Jesus' teachings more broadly to Jewish scripture and thought, functioning almost like a theological bridge from the Old Testament world to the New.

Another thrilling angle to explore is Matthew’s Gospel uniquely emphasizes Jesus’ fulfillment of prophecy, which is an outstanding thread in Matthew’s community—melding belief with Jewish heritage. It’s no surprise that Matthew includes an extensive genealogy of Jesus (1:1-17), tethering Him firmly to Jewish history and ancestry, spotlighting covenant continuity.

Moreover, did you know that the structure found in Matthew—for instance, grouping teachings of Jesus into five literary sections—echoes the Torah itself? The five books of Moses create a beautiful parallel, underscoring how the teachings of Jesus align with the beloved texts of early Judaism. It's like having the Old Testament echo giving shape to the New Testament, enriching our understanding of the harmonious narratives threaded throughout scripture!