The answer is: 40 years

1 Ki 2:11

David’s reign over Israel, which lasted for an impressive 40 years, is an iconic period in biblical history. He ruled first over Judah for seven years and then united the kingdom, ruling for an additional thirty-three years over all of Israel. This long tenure highlights not just the trust the people placed in him but also the rich tapestry of experiences—from his shepherd boy beginnings, defeating Goliath, to establishing Jerusalem as his capital.

Interestingly, the number 40 carries significant weight throughout Scripture. It often represents periods of testing, preparation, or significance. For instance, Israel wandered in the desert for 40 years before entering the Promised Land, and Jesus spent 40 days in the wilderness before launching his public ministry. This pattern suggests that David’s lengthy reign wasn’t just about time; it was filled with evolution and transformation - both personally and for the nation.

Moreover, academics believe that David wrote many of the Psalms during his reign – pieces that resonate with deep human experience, including joy, sorrow, and a sense of divine longing. These poetic works remain central to many spiritual reflections today.

Today, David is seen not just as a king but as a multifaceted character—to some, he’s a warrior saint, and to others, a flawed individual playing a pivotal role in the unfolding story of Israel. His reign therefore encapsulates the richness of human experience against the backdrop of divine orchestrations, bridging personal hardships to eventual triumphs.